Bio-Inspired Dynamically Morphing Microelectronics toward High-Density Energy Applications and Intelligent Biomedical Implants

Leandro Merces; Letícia Mariê Minatogau Ferro; Aleena Thomas; Dmitriy D Karnaushenko; Yumin Luo; Aleksandr I Egunov; Wenlan Zhang; Vineeth K Bandari; Yeji Lee; John S McCaskill; Minshen Zhu; Oliver G Schmidt; Daniil Karnaushenko

doi:10.1002/adma.202313327

Bio-Inspired Dynamically Morphing Microelectronics toward High-Density Energy Applications and Intelligent Biomedical Implants

Adv Mater. 2024 Feb 24:e2313327. doi: 10.1002/adma.202313327. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Leandro Merces^{1

2}, Letícia Mariê Minatogau Ferro^{1

2}, Aleena Thomas^{1

3}, Dmitriy D Karnaushenko^{1

2}, Yumin Luo^{1

2}, Aleksandr I Egunov^{1

2}, Wenlan Zhang^{1

2}, Vineeth K Bandari^{1

2}, Yeji Lee^{1

2}, John S McCaskill^{1

4}, Minshen Zhu¹, Oliver G Schmidt^{1

2

5}, Daniil Karnaushenko¹

Affiliations

¹ Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
² Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
³ Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
⁴ European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT), Venice, 30123, Italy.
⁵ Nanophysics, Faculty of Physics, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany.

PMID: 38402420
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313327

Abstract

Choreographing the adaptive shapes of patterned surfaces to exhibit designable mechanical interactions with their environment remains an intricate challenge. Here, a novel category of strain-engineered dynamic-shape materials, empowering diverse multi-dimensional shape modulations that are combined to form fine-grained adaptive microarchitectures is introduced. Using micro-origami tessellation technology, heterogeneous materials are provided with strategic creases featuring stimuli-responsive micro-hinges that morph precisely upon chemical and electrical cues. Freestanding multifaceted foldable packages, auxetic mesosurfaces, and morphable cages are three of the forms demonstrated herein of these complex 4-dimensional (4D) metamaterials. These systems are integrated in dual proof-of-concept bioelectronic demonstrations: a soft foldable supercapacitor enhancing its power density (≈108 mW cm^-2 ), and a bio-adaptive device with a dynamic shape that may enable novel smart-implant technologies. This work demonstrates that intelligent material systems are now ready to support ultra-flexible 4D microelectronics, which can impart autonomy to devices culminating in the tangible realization of microelectronic morphogenesis.

Keywords: 4D; biomedical implant; energy storage; foldable electronics; origami.

Abstract

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