Identification of Intervention Characteristics Within Diabetes Prevention Programs Using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication: A Scoping Review

Megan M MacPherson; Cara Johnston; Kaela D Cranston; Sarah Der; Jenna A P Sim; Mary E Jung

doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2024.02.004

Identification of Intervention Characteristics Within Diabetes Prevention Programs Using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication: A Scoping Review

Can J Diabetes. 2024 Feb 28:S1499-2671(24)00046-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2024.02.004. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Megan M MacPherson¹, Cara Johnston¹, Kaela D Cranston¹, Sarah Der¹, Jenna A P Sim¹, Mary E Jung²

Affiliations

¹ School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
² School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: mary.jung@ubc.ca.

PMID: 38417737
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2024.02.004

Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes prevention programs (DPPs) targeting dietary and physical activity behaviour change have been shown to decrease the incidence of type 2 diabetes; however, a more thorough reporting of intervention characteristics is needed to expedite the translation of such programs into different communities. In this scoping review we aim to synthesize how DPPs are being reported and implemented.

Methods: A scoping review using Arkey and O'Malley methods was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were searched for studies relating to diabetes prevention, and diet/exercise interventions. Only studies delivering a diet/exercise intervention for adults identified as "at risk" for developing type 2 diabetes were included. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) was used to guide data extraction, and each DPP was scored on a scale from 0 to 2 for how thoroughly it reported each of the items (0 = did not report, 2 = reported in full; total score out of 26).

Results: Of the 25,110 publications screened, 351 (based on 220 programs) met the inclusion criteria and were included for data extraction. No studies comprehensively reported on all TIDieR domains (mean TIDieR score: 15.7 of 26; range 7 to 25). Reporting was particularly poor among domains related to "modifications," "tailoring," and "how well (planned/actual)." "How well (planned)" assesses the intended delivery of an intervention, detailing the initial strategies and components as per the original design, whereas "how well (actual)" evaluates the extent to which the intervention was executed as planned during the study, including any deviations or modifications made in practice.

Conclusions: Although there is evidence to suggest that DPPs are efficacious, a more thorough reporting of program content and delivery is needed to improve the ability for effective programs to be implemented or translated into different communities.

Keywords: comportement lié à la santé; counseling; counselling; diabetes prevention; diet; exercice physique; exercise; health behaviour; health promotion; prediabetic state; promotion de la santé; prévention du diabète; régime alimentaire; stade prédiabétique.

Publication types

Review