Objective: To investigate the association between portal vein thrombosis and rebleeding after non-urgent endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices. Methods: The cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric varices diagnosed in the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into thrombotic group and non-thrombotic group according to the presence or absence of portal vein thrombosis. The failure rate of endoscopic treatment and rebleeding rate in different periods were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to select the best cutoff value of gastric varicose diameter that affected total rebleeding during follow-up in both groups. The influencing factors of rebleeding within 12 and 36 months in both groups were analyzed, and the influencing factors of rebleeding within 36 months in thrombus group were further analyzed. Results: A total of 106 patients were enrolled, including 53 patients in the thrombotic group [male 37, female 16, aged 18-78 (54±13) years] and 53 patients in the non-thrombotic group [male 37, female 16, aged 27-83 (55±12) years]. The follow-up time of the two groups were (20±15) and (25±15) months, respectively. The total rebleeding rate in the thrombotic group was higher than that in the non-thrombotic group [30.2% (16/53) vs 13.2% (7/53), P˂0.05]. The rebleeding rates within 6, 12, 24 and 36 months in the thrombotic group were higher than those in the non-thrombotic group [18.9% (10/53) vs 5.7% (3/53), 18.9% (10/53) vs 5.7% (3/53), 28.3% (15/53) vs 9.4% (5/53), 30.2% (16/53) vs 11.3% (6/53), all P˂0.05]. The best cut-off value of the diameter of gastric varices that affects the total rebleeding in the two groups was 10.4 mm (10 mm was selected as the best cut-off value for the convenience of practical clinical application). Hemoglobin ˂ 85 g/L (HR=0.202, 95%CI: 0.043-0.953, P=0.043), 10 mm ˂ the diameter of GV ≤ 15 mm (HR=5.321, 95%CI: 1.161-24.390, P=0.031) and endoscopic variceal ligation combined with endoscopic tissue adhesive injection (EVL+ETAI) (HR=7.172, 95%CI: 1.910-26.930, P=0.004) were the risk factors for the first gastroesophageal variceal rebleeding within 12 months after non-urgent endoscopic treatment. EVL+ETAI (HR=3.811, 95%CI: 1.441-10.084, P=0.007) and portal vein thrombosis (HR=4.026, 95%CI: 1.483-10.932, P=0.006) were the risk factors for the first gastroesophageal variceal rebleeding within 36 months after non-urgent endoscopic treatment. The study found that, 10 mm ˂ the diameter of GV ≤ 15 mm (HR=7.503, 95%CI: 1.568-35.890, P=0.012) was the risk factor for rebleeding within 36 months in the thrombotic group. Conclusion: Portal vein thrombosis is a risk factor for rebleeding after non-urgent endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices.
目的： 探究门静脉血栓与非急诊内镜下治疗食管胃静脉曲张（GV）术后再出血的关联。 方法： 回顾性纳入2017年1月至2023年3月郑州大学人民医院诊断的肝硬化伴食管GV患者，根据是否存在门静脉血栓，将患者分为血栓组和非血栓组，比较两组患者经治疗后的内镜治疗失败率、不同时间段内的再出血率。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线选取影响两组随访时间内总再出血的GV直径的最佳截断值。分析两组患者12、36个月内再出血的影响因素，并进一步分析血栓组36个月内再出血的影响因素。 结果： 共纳入106例患者，血栓组53例，男37例，女16例，年龄18~78（54±13）岁；非血栓组53例，男37例，女16例，年龄27~83（55±12）岁；两组随访时间分别为（20±15）和（25±15）个月。血栓组总再出血率高于非血栓组［30.2%（16/53）比13.2%（7/53），P<0.05］；其中血栓组6、12、24和36个月内再出血率均高于非血栓组［分别为18.9%（10/53）比5.7%（3/53），18.9%（10/53）比5.7%（3/53），28.3%（15/53）比9.4%（5/53），30.2%（16/53）比11.3%（6/53），均P<0.05］。影响两组总再出血的GV直径的最佳截断值为10.4 mm（从实际临床应用方便考虑，选择10 mm作为最佳截断值）。血红蛋白<85 g/L（HR=0.202，95%CI：0.043~0.953，P=0.043）、10 mm<GV直径≤15 mm（HR=5.321，95%CI：1.161~24.390，P=0.031）、内镜下静脉曲张套扎术联合内镜下组织胶注射术（EVL+ETAI）（HR=7.172，95%CI：1.910~26.930，P=0.004）是食管GV经非急诊内镜治疗后12个月内首次再出血的危险因素；EVL+ETAI（HR=3.811，95%CI：1.441~10.084，P=0.007）、门静脉血栓（HR=4.026，95%CI：1.483~10.932，P=0.006）是食管GV经非急诊内镜治疗后36个月内首次再出血的危险因素；10 mm<GV直径≤15 mm（HR=7.503，95%CI：1.568~35.890，P=0.012）是血栓组36个月内再出血的危险因素。 结论： 门静脉血栓是非急诊内镜下治疗食管GV术后再出血的危险因素。.