Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents, and its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Brain is the organ with the largest oxygen consumption in human body and is easily affected by oxidative imbalance. Oxidative stress has become the key research direction for the pathogenesis of ADHD, but there is still a lack of relevant studies in China. Based on the latest research findings in China and overseas, this article reviews the clinical and experimental studies on oxidative stress in ADHD and explores the association of oxidative stress with neurotransmitter imbalance, neuroinflammation, and cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of ADHD, so as to provide new research ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD）是儿童和青少年常见的神经发育障碍性疾病，病因及发病机制尚不明确。脑是人体耗氧量最大的器官，极易受到氧化失衡的影响，因此氧化应激成为ADHD发病机制的重点研究方向，但目前国内尚缺乏相关研究。该文综述氧化应激参与ADHD的临床研究及实验研究最新成果，并探索ADHD发病机制研究中氧化应激与神经递质失调、神经炎症及细胞凋亡等假说之间的内在关联，为探索ADHD的发病机制提供新的研究思路。.
Keywords: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Cell apoptosis; Neuroinflammation; Neurotransmitter; Oxidative stress.