Introduction: Contracted bladder is a rare adverse effect of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation, with an incidence of 0.2-3.3%. This report aimed to present a case of contracted bladder successfully treated with a low-dose oral steroid.
Case presentation: A 78-year-old man underwent a third transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. The pathological diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma in situ. After the fifth instillation of the second-line induction therapy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, the patient discontinued treatment because of increased urinary frequency and a continuous mean voiding volume of 80 mL. The patient was diagnosed with a contracted bladder based on computed tomography findings and a urination chart. After initiating oral prednisolone (20 mg/day), the patient experienced significant recovery within 2 weeks for both urinary frequency and mean voiding volume of 226 mL.
Conclusion: A patient with a contracted bladder after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation was successfully treated with low-dose oral steroid therapy.
Keywords: BCG; adverse event; bladder cancer; contracted bladder; steroid.
© 2024 The Authors. IJU Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Urological Association.