Accuracy of an artificial intelligence-based program for locating the maxillomandibular relationship of scans acquired by using intraoral scanners

Marta Revilla-León; Miguel Gómez-Polo; Abdul B Barmak; John C Kois; Jorge Alonso Pérez-Barquero

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.023

Accuracy of an artificial intelligence-based program for locating the maxillomandibular relationship of scans acquired by using intraoral scanners

J Prosthet Dent. 2024 Mar 7:S0022-3913(24)00053-2. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.023. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Marta Revilla-León¹, Miguel Gómez-Polo², Abdul B Barmak³, John C Kois⁴, Jorge Alonso Pérez-Barquero⁵

Affiliations

¹ Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.; Faculty and Director, Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash.; and Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Mass. Electronic address: marta.revilla.leon@gmail.com.
² Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Director, Specialist in Advanced Implant-Prosthesis Postgraduate Program, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
³ Assistant Professor, Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
⁴ Director, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash.; Affiliate Professor, Graduate in Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.; and Private practice, Seattle, Wash.
⁵ Associate Professor, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

PMID: 38458860
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.023

Abstract

Statement of problem: An artificial-intelligence (AI) based program can be used to articulate scans in maximum intercuspal position (MIP) or correct occlusal collisions of articulated scans at MIP; however, the accuracy of the AI program determining the MIP relationship is unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of the present clinical study was to assess the influence of intraoral scanner (IOS) (TRIOS 5 or i700) and program (IOS or AI-based program) on the accuracy of the MIP relationship.

Material and methods: Casts of a participant mounted on an articulator were digitized (T710). A maxillary and a mandibular scan of the participant were recorded by using 2 IOSs: TRIOS 5 and i700. The scans were duplicated 15 times. Then, each duplicated pair of scans was articulated in MIP using a bilateral occlusal record. Articulated scans were duplicated and allocated into 2 groups based on the automatic occlusal collisions' correction completed by using the corresponding IOS program: IOS-corrected and IOS-noncorrected group. Three subgroups were created based on the AI-based program (Bite Finder) method: AI-articulated, AI-IOS-corrected, and AI-IOS-noncorrected (n=15). In the AI-articulated subgroup, the nonarticulated scans were imported and articulated. In the AI-IOS-corrected subgroup, the articulated scans obtained in the IOS-corrected group were imported, and the occlusal collisions were corrected. In the AI-IOS-corrected subgroup, the articulated scans obtained in the IOS-noncorrected subgroup were imported, and the occlusal collisions were corrected. A total of 36 interlandmark measurements were calculated on each articulated scan (Geomagic Wrap). The distances computed on the reference scan were used as a reference to calculate the discrepancies with each experimental scan. Nonparametric 2-way ANOVA and pairwise multiple comparison Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests were used to analyze trueness. The general linear model procedure was used to analyze precision (α=.05).

Results: Significant maxillomandibular trueness (P=.003) and precision (P<.001) differences were found among the subgroups. The IOS-corrected and IOS-noncorrected (P<.001) and AI-articulated and IOS-noncorrected subgroups (P=.011) were significantly different from each other. The IOS-corrected and AI-articulated subgroups obtained significantly better maxillomandibular trueness and precision than the IOS-noncorrected subgroups.

Conclusions: The IOSs tested obtained similar MIP accuracy; however, the program used to articulate or correct occlusal collusions impacted the accuracy of the MIP relationship.