Factors associated with physical function among people with systemic sclerosis: a SPIN cohort cross-sectional study

Tiffany Dal Santo; Danielle B Rice; Marie-Eve Carrier; Gabrielle Virgili-Gervais; Brooke Levis; Linda Kwakkenbos; Meira Golberg; Susan J Bartlett; Amy Gietzen; Karen Gottesman; Geneviève Guillot; Marie Hudson; Laura K Hummers; Vanessa L Malcarne; Maureen D Mayes; Luc Mouthon; Michelle Richard; Maureen Sauvé; Robyn K Wojeck; Marie-Claude Geoffroy; Andrea Benedetti; Brett D Thombs; SPIN investigators

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keae162

Factors associated with physical function among people with systemic sclerosis: a SPIN cohort cross-sectional study

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2024 Mar 12:keae162. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae162. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Tiffany Dal Santo^{1

2}, Danielle B Rice^{3

4}, Marie-Eve Carrier¹, Gabrielle Virgili-Gervais¹, Brooke Levis¹, Linda Kwakkenbos^{5

6

7}, Meira Golberg¹, Susan J Bartlett^{8

9}, Amy Gietzen¹⁰, Karen Gottesman¹¹, Geneviève Guillot¹², Marie Hudson^{1

8}, Laura K Hummers¹³, Vanessa L Malcarne^{14

15}, Maureen D Mayes¹⁶, Luc Mouthon^{17

18}, Michelle Richard^{19

20}, Maureen Sauvé^{19

21}, Robyn K Wojeck²², Marie-Claude Geoffroy^{2

23}, Andrea Benedetti^{8

9

24

25}, Brett D Thombs^{1

2

8

25

26

27}; SPIN investigators

Affiliations

¹ Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
² Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
³ Department of Psychology, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
⁵ Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
⁶ Department of IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
⁸ Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁹ Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
¹⁰ National Scleroderma Foundation, Tri-State Chapter, Buffalo, New York, USA.
¹¹ National Scleroderma Foundation, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹² Sclérodermie Québec, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada.
¹³ Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁵ San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁶ University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
¹⁷ Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
¹⁸ Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
¹⁹ Scleroderma Canada, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
²⁰ Scleroderma Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
²¹ Scleroderma Society of Ontario, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
²² University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA.
²³ , McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²⁴ Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²⁵ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²⁶ Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
²⁷ Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

PMID: 38471107
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae162

Abstract

Objectives: To compare physical function in systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) to general population normative data and identify associated factors.

Methods: Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Cohort participants completed the Physical Function domain of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Version 2 upon enrolment. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess associations of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and disease-related variables.

Results: Among 2,385 participants, mean physical function T-score (43.7, SD = 8.9) was ∼2/3 of a standard deviation (SD) below the US general population (mean = 50, SD = 10). Factors associated in multivariable analysis included older age (-0.74 points per SD years, 95% CI -0.78 to -1.08), female sex (-1.35, -2.37 to -0.34), fewer years of education (-0.41 points per SD in years, -0.75 to -0.07), being single, divorced, or widowed (-0.76, -1.48 to -0.03), smoking (-3.14, -4.42 to -1.85), alcohol consumption (0.79 points per SD drinks per week, 0.45-1.14), BMI (-1.41 points per SD, -1.75 to -1.07), diffuse subtype (-1.43, -2.23 to -0.62), gastrointestinal involvement (-2.58, -3.53 to -1.62), digital ulcers (-1.96, -2.94 to -0.98), moderate (-1.94, -2.94 to -0.93) and severe (-1.76, -3.24 to -0.28) small joint contractures, moderate (-2.10, -3.44 to -0.76) and severe (-2.54, -4.64 to -0.44) large joint contractures, interstitial lung disease (-1.52, -2.27 to -0.77), pulmonary arterial hypertension (-3.72, -4.91 to -2.52), rheumatoid arthritis (-2.10, -3.64 to -0.56) and idiopathic inflammatory myositis (-2.10, -3.63 to -0.56).

Conclusion: Physical function is impaired for many individuals with SSc and associated with multiple disease factors.

Keywords: PROMIS-29; physical function; scleroderma; systemic sclerosis.