Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Apr 9;331(14):1229-1230.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.3180.

Mortality Among Users of Anabolic Steroids

Josefine Windfeld-Mathiasen  1 , Ida M Heerfordt  1 , Kim Peder Dalhoff  1 , Jon Trærup Andersen  1 , Henrik Horwitz  1
Affiliations

Mortality Among Users of Anabolic Steroids

Josefine Windfeld-Mathiasen et al. JAMA. .
No abstract available

Plain language summary

This cohort study investigates mortality and cause of death among a large cohort of androgenic anabolic steroid users, compared with a control group, in Denmark from January 3, 2006, to March 1, 2018.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Dalhoff reported serving as a board member for Anti Doping Danmark from 2015 to 2020. No other disclosures were reported.

Figures

Figure.
Figure.. Time to Death for Users of Androgenic Anabolic Steroids and Control Participants
Mortality was statistically significantly higher among androgenic anabolic steroid (AAS) users by log-rank test (P < .001).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Pope HG Jr, Wood RI, Rogol A, Nyberg F, Bowers L, Bhasin S. Adverse health consequences of performance-enhancing drugs: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. Endocr Rev. 2014;35(3):341-375. doi:10.1210/er.2013-1058 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Smoliga JM, Wilber ZT, Robinson BT. Premature death in bodybuilders: what do we know? Sports Med. 2023;53(5):933-948. doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01801-0 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Horwitz H, Andersen JT, Dalhoff KP. Health consequences of androgenic anabolic steroid use. J Intern Med. 2019;285(3):333-340. doi:10.1111/joim.12850 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Schmidt M, Schmidt SAJ, Adelborg K, et al. . The Danish health care system and epidemiological research: from health care contacts to database records. Clin Epidemiol. 2019;11:563-591. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S179083 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Christiansen AV, Vinther AS, Liokaftos D. Outline of a typology of men’s use of anabolic androgenic steroids in fitness and strength training environments. Drugs Educ Prev Policy. 2017;24(3):295-305. doi:10.1080/09687637.2016.1231173 - DOI

Publication types