Imprint of urbanization on snow precipitation over the continental USA

Kaustubh Anil Salvi; Mukesh Kumar

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46699-6

Imprint of urbanization on snow precipitation over the continental USA

Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 15;15(1):2348. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46699-6.

Authors

Kaustubh Anil Salvi¹, Mukesh Kumar²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Civil Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
² Department of Civil Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA. mkumar4@eng.ua.edu.

Abstract

Urbanization can alter the local climate through modifications in land-atmosphere feedback. However, a continental scale evaluation of its influence on precipitation phase remains unknown. Here, we assess the difference in the likelihood of snow dominated events (SDEs) over 7,415 urban and surrounding non-urban (buffer) regions across the continental United States. Among 4,856 urban-buffer pairs that received at least five SDEs per year, 81% of urban regions are characterized by a smaller snow probability, 99% by a lower frequency of SDEs, and 57% by faster declining trends in SDEs compared to their buffer counterparts. Notably, urban (buffer) regions with lower snow probability are often characterized by higher net incoming and sensible energy fluxes as compared to buffer (urban) regions, thus highlighting the influence of land-energy feedback on precipitation phase. Results highlight a clear imprint of urbanization on precipitation phase and underscore the need to consider these influences while projecting hydro-meteorological risks.