Modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on sodium nitrate-induced experimental colitis via regulation of P53, Ki-67 and PCNA biomarkers

Hend M Hassan; Wael M Elsaed; Dina Elzeiny; Ola Ali Habotta; Elshimaa S Eleraky; Eman Mohamed El Nashar; Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi; Rashid A Aldahhan; Mohammed Attieh Alzahrani; Ali Mohni Saleh Alamari; Eman Hamza

doi:10.1016/j.tice.2024.102327

Modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on sodium nitrate-induced experimental colitis via regulation of P53, Ki-67 and PCNA biomarkers

Tissue Cell. 2024 Feb 25:88:102327. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102327. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address: Hendmohammed@mans.edu.eg.
² Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, National Mansoura University, Gamasa, Egypt. Electronic address: wzaarina@mans.edu.eg.
³ Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address: dr-dina-ashraf@hotmail.com.
⁴ Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address: ola_ali@mans.edu.eg.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, Damietta, Egypt. Electronic address: sheleraky@horus.edu.eg.
⁶ Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: enshar@kku.edu.sa.
⁷ Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, The Center for Medical and Health Research, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: m.alghamdi@kku.edu.sa.
⁸ Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: raaldahhan@iau.edu.sa.
⁹ Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: malzahrani@kku.edu.sa.
¹⁰ Gastroenterology Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Amari0107@hotmail.com.
¹¹ Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt. Electronic address: ehamza@horus.edu.eg.

PMID: 38493756
DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102327

Abstract

Background: Ulcerative colitis is a risk factor for colorectal carcinoma. Different mechanisms are related to colitis like apoptosis and hyperproliferation. Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MO) provides a promising option to overcome the risk.

Purpose: To examine the colonic changes in a rat model of colitis induced by sodium nitrate (SN) and study the effects of MO.

Study design: Eight adult male rats were allocated in each of the three group; control (distilled water), SN (100 mg/kg/day, orally via gastric gavage), and SN + MO (100 mg/kg/day, orally via gastric gavage).

Methods: Body weight was measured after the end of the experiment. Colonic homogenates were tested for levels of oxidative stress indicators. Immunohistochemistry for P53, PCNA and Ki-67 was performed. Fresh colon specimens were used for quantitative real-time PCR for assessment of P53, PCNA and Ki-67 gene expression.

Results: SN group revealed a significant decreased weight (p = 0.002). MDA and NO levels were higher with SN administration than with MO co-administration (p= 0.04, 0.01 respectively). GSH level was reduced in SN group (p = 0.02) and significantly increased with MO intake (p = 0.04). SN-induced colonic destructive changes were reversed with MO. P53, PCNA and Ki-67 levels of gene expression were reduced in SN + MO group than SN group (P = 0.007, 0.02, 0.001 respectively).

Conclusion: MO protected the colonic mucosa against SN-induced changes regulating apoptosis, and cell proliferation.

Keywords: Colonic mucosa; GSH; Moringa oleifera; PCNA; Sodium nitrate.