The Value of Nerve Ultrasound to Diagnose and Follow Up the Multifocal Neurolyphomatosis in the Upper Limb---- Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare disease. Ultrasound (US) plays a crucial role in diagnosing and following up the NL.

Case presentation: A 59-year-old man was hospitalized with acute pain in the left upper extremity. Ultrasound revealed segmental swelling of multiple nerves around his left elbow with abundant blood flow signals. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) showed a rapid, complete and homogenous enhancement in the nerve lesions in the early arterial phase. The NL was confirmed by imaging and flow cytometry, and he accepted chemotherapy. The posttherapeutic ultrasound showed that the nerves in the left upper limb were basically normal. Unfortunately, the patient died of cerebral metastasis in 5 months.

Conclusion: The nerve US and CEUS can show specific manifestations and provide more diagnostic information about NL.

Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound.; Follow-up; Lymphoma; Multifocal; Nerve; Neurolymphomatosis; Ultrasound.