A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes for Desmoplastic Trichoepithelioma: Underscoring Mohs Micrographic Surgery in Management

Dermatol Surg. 2024 Aug 1;50(8):695-698. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000004194. Epub 2024 Apr 9.

Abstract

Background: Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) is an uncommon benign adnexal tumor that histologically may mimic malignant tumors including basal cell carcinoma and microcystic adnexal carcinoma.

Objective: To present a systematic review of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome data on DTEs, with emphasis on comparing Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) with other treatments.

Methods: Using the OVID platform, MEDLINE and Embase were searched from inception for studies providing original data on DTEs.

Results: A total of 338 cases of DTE from 61 articles were included. No recurrence/persistence (0%) was reported following MMS ( n = 24, mean follow-up of 41.9 months), 13.1% with standard excision ( n = 38, mean follow-up 16.9 months), and 2.1% for electrosurgery/cautery ( n = 49, follow-up 3-72 months). 100% recurrence/persistence for imiquimod ( n = 2) and liquid nitrogen ( n = 4) were identified. In patients who underwent biopsy only, there was a 12.5% recurrence/persistence ( n = 32, mean follow-up 16.5 months). Overall, duration of follow-up varied from 2 months to 6 years for the various management strategies.

Conclusion: Data are limited regarding DTE outcomes. In this review, surgical modalities, specifically MMS, had the lowest rates of recurrence/persistence compared with other options. Given that most lesions are found on cosmetically sensitive locations, MMS seems to be the optimal management strategy for actively managing DTEs.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Electrosurgery / methods
  • Humans
  • Imiquimod / administration & dosage
  • Imiquimod / therapeutic use
  • Mohs Surgery* / statistics & numerical data
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage / epidemiology
  • Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage / pathology
  • Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage / surgery
  • Skin Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Imiquimod