Development of anti-MDA5 autoantibody-positive dermatomyositis following the use of etanercept biosimilar in rheumatoid arthritis

Soshi Okazaki; Tsuyoshi Shirai; Hiroko Sato; Tomonori Ishii; Hiroshi Fujii

doi:10.1093/mrcr/rxae013

Development of anti-MDA5 autoantibody-positive dermatomyositis following the use of etanercept biosimilar in rheumatoid arthritis

Mod Rheumatol Case Rep. 2024 Apr 10:rxae013. doi: 10.1093/mrcr/rxae013. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Soshi Okazaki¹, Tsuyoshi Shirai¹, Hiroko Sato¹, Tomonori Ishii¹, Hiroshi Fujii¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital Sendai, Japan.

PMID: 38597870
DOI: 10.1093/mrcr/rxae013

Abstract

The induction of autoimmune diseases during tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (TNFi) usage has been described. Herein, we report a rare case of a 49-year-old woman with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody (Ab)-positive dermatomyositis (DM), which developed five weeks after the introduction of an etanercept biosimilar to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Four of the five known cases, including ours, of anti-MDA5Ab positive DM complicated with RA revealed anti-MDA5Ab positive DM following TNFi usage. When patients with RA are diagnosed with interstitial lung disease during TNFi usage, anti-MDA5 Ab-positive DM could be a differential diagnosis.

Keywords: TNF inhibitors; anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis; rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease; rheumatoid arthritis.

© Japan College of Rheumatology 2024. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site–for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.