Disability disclosure as an impression management technique used in the workplace: A grounded theory investigation

Work. 2024;78(2):219-233. doi: 10.3233/WOR-246007.

Abstract

Background: In order to overcome obstacles to entry and inclusion in the workplace, individuals with disabilities engage in various impression management strategies to present themselves as the socially acceptable 'ideal employee.'

Objective: This study expands on previous disclosure research by asking individuals with disabilities to share their experiences of identity management and workplace challenges.

Methods: We leveraged qualitative research techniques to explore the reciprocal impact of workplace treatment and disclosure.

Results: Impression management emerged as an especially salient aspect of participants' disclosure decisions, and participants used an array of impression management tactics. Some employees with disabilities described positive experiences; however, we also learned that impression management can present unique challenges that may outweigh potential benefits.

Conclusion: Our findings affirm that managing the image we project can be remarkably complicated and effortful when having a disability. This paper concludes with implementation recommendations for vocational rehabilitation counselors and human resource practitioners.

Keywords: Disability; employment; human resource management; impression management; vocational rehabilitation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Disabled Persons* / psychology
  • Disclosure
  • Female
  • Grounded Theory*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Qualitative Research*
  • Workplace* / psychology
  • Workplace* / standards