The traditional treatment modalities for esophageal cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, each presenting its own limitations. With advancements in endoscopic techniques and the integration of immunotherapy, the feasibility and safety of organ preservation have significantly improved, offering patients improved survival and quality of life. The selection of patients suitable for organ preservation treatment demands ongoing exploration. Those selected for this approach require rigorous monitoring, with surgical intervention as a salvation for tumor progression or metastasis, though the timing of surgery remains a topic of debate. Organ preservation and watch-and-wait strategy may provide a more conservative treatment option, aiming to maximize quality of life.
食管癌的传统治疗方式为手术治疗、化疗和放疗，单一的治疗方式客观上存在局限性。随着内镜技术的发展及免疫治疗的加入，提高了食管癌器官保留的可行性及安全性，使患者得以获得更长的生存期及更好的生活质量。但对于适合器官保留治疗患者的筛选条件，仍需积极探索。选择器官保留治疗的患者，需要进行严密的监测。目前，对于肿瘤进展或转移的患者，手术治疗的时机仍有争议，但器官保留和等待观察，可能提供了一种更为温和的治疗选择。.