Look for the Scaffold: Multifaceted Regulation of Enzyme Activity by 14-3-3 Proteins

Physiol Res. 2024 Aug 30;73(S1):S401-S412. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.935306. Epub 2024 Apr 22.

Abstract

Enzyme activity is regulated by several mechanisms, including phosphorylation. Phosphorylation is a key signal transduction process in all eukaryotic cells and is thus crucial for virtually all cellular processes. In addition to its direct effect on protein structure, phosphorylation also affects protein-protein interactions, such as binding to scaffolding 14-3-3 proteins, which selectively recognize phosphorylated motifs. These interactions then modulate the catalytic activity, cellular localisation and interactions of phosphorylated enzymes through different mechanisms. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight several examples of 14-3-3 protein-dependent mechanisms of enzyme regulation previously studied in our laboratory over the past decade. More specifically, we address here the regulation of the human enzymes ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2, procaspase-2, calcium-calmodulin dependent kinases CaMKK1/2, and death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) and yeast neutral trehalase Nth1.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • 14-3-3 Proteins* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Phosphorylation

Substances

  • 14-3-3 Proteins