Background: Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the nervous system presenting with abnormal eye and limb movements, altered gait, and increased irritability. Two to four percent of children diagnosed with neuroblastoma have neuroblastoma-associated OMAS (NA-OMAS). These children typically present with non-high-risk neuroblastoma that is cured with surgery, with or without chemotherapy. Despite excellent overall survival, patients with NA-OMAS can have significant persistent neurological and developmental issues.
Objective: This study aimed to describe long-term neurocognitive and adaptive functioning of patients with NA-OMAS treated with multimodal therapy, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on Children's Oncology Group (COG) protocol ANBL00P3.
Methods: Of 53 children enrolled on ANBL00P3, 25 submitted evaluable neurocognitive data at diagnosis and at least one additional time point within 2 years and were included in the analyses. Adaptive development was assessed via the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, and validated, age-appropriate measures of intellectual function were also administered.
Results: Twenty-one of the 25 patients in this cohort ultimately received IVIG. Descriptive spaghetti plots suggest that this cohort demonstrated stable long-term cognitive functioning and adaptive development over time. This cohort also demonstrated decreased OMAS scores over time consistent with improved OMAS symptoms.
Conclusions: While statistical significance is limited by small sample size and loss to follow-up over 10 years, findings suggest stable long-term cognitive and adaptive functioning over time in this treated cohort.
Keywords: COG ANBL00P3; long‐term neurocognitive and adaptive functioning; neuroblastoma; opsoclonus‐myoclonus syndrome (OMS); opsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia syndrome (OMAS).
© 2024 The Authors. Pediatric Blood & Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.