Recellularization via electroporation therapy of the duodenum combined with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist to replace insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: 12-month results of a first-in-human study

Gastrointest Endosc. 2024 Nov;100(5):896-904. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.04.2904. Epub 2024 Apr 29.

Abstract

Background and aims: Studies have shown that hydrothermal duodenal mucosal ablation results in improved glycemic control. Recellularization via electroporation therapy (ReCET) is a novel endoscopic procedure that uses electroporation to induce cellular apoptosis and subsequent reepithelization. In this study, we aimed to eliminate exogenous insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients through a single ReCET procedure combined with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Feasibility, safety, and (dose) efficacy of ReCET were assessed.

Methods: This first-in-human study included patients with T2D on basal insulin (age, 28-75 years; body mass index, 24-40 kg/m2; glycosylated hemoglobin, ≤64 mmol/mol; C-peptide, ≥0.2 nmol/L). The electroporation dose was optimized during the study, starting with single 600 V and ending with double 750 V treatments. All patients underwent ReCET, after which insulin was discontinued and semaglutide (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) was initiated. The primary endpoints were feasibility (procedure time [from catheter in to catheter out], technical success rate), safety, and efficacy (patients off insulin at 6 months; HbA1c, ≤58 mmol/mol).

Results: Fourteen patients underwent endoscopic ReCET. The median procedure time was 58 (interquartile range, 49-73) minutes. ReCET demonstrated a technical success rate of 100%. No device-related severe adverse events or severe hypoglycemic events were observed. At the 12-month follow-up, 12 (86%) patients remained off exogenous insulin therapy, with significant improvements in glycemic control and metabolic parameters. The 2 patients in whom insulin therapy was reintroduced both received ReCET at the lowest voltage (single 600 V).

Conclusion: These results suggest that ReCET is feasible and safe. In combination with semaglutide, ReCET may be a promising therapeutic option to replace insulin therapy in selected T2D patients while improving glycemic control and metabolic health.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • C-Peptide
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
  • Duodenum*
  • Electroporation Therapies
  • Electroporation* / methods
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / administration & dosage
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / therapeutic use
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Insulin* / administration & dosage
  • Insulin* / therapeutic use
  • Intestinal Mucosa
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Glucagon-Like Peptides
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • semaglutide
  • C-Peptide
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists