Jojoba oil, which is extracted from jojoba plant seeds that are native to North America, possesses a unique molecular structure and is distinct from other oils. Unlike typical oils, which mostly contain triglycerides, jojoba oil is composed of long monounsaturated esters, affording it exceptional properties and is valuable across cosmetics, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. While jojoba oil is prevalent in beauty and skincare today, its seeds and oil have ancient roots in folk medicine, used for treating skin and scalp issues, wounds, sore throats, obesity, and even cancer, while enhancing immunity and fostering hair growth. Modern research underscores jojoba oil's pharmacological versatility, demonstrating antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-acne, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antibacterial properties. Notably, there has been a surge in its utilization in pharmaceuticals, particularly in topical, transdermal, and parenteral formulations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of jojoba oil, encompassing its chemical composition, extraction techniques, health advantages, and pharmaceutical application developments.
Keywords: Simmondsia; antidiabetic; jojoba; pharmaceutical formulations; wax esters.