Mechanistic approach of tannery wastewater and sulfadiazine mutual toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mitigation through exogenous application of gallic acid

Muhammad Nafees; Muhammad Azhar Ali; Linlin Qiu; Ying Yin; Meiling Xu; Guobing Wang; Shafaqat Ali; Hongyan Guo

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142203

Mechanistic approach of tannery wastewater and sulfadiazine mutual toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mitigation through exogenous application of gallic acid

Chemosphere. 2024 Apr 30:358:142203. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142203. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Muhammad Nafees¹, Muhammad Azhar Ali², Linlin Qiu¹, Ying Yin¹, Meiling Xu³, Guobing Wang⁴, Shafaqat Ali⁵, Hongyan Guo⁶

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
² Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
³ College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
⁴ Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
⁵ Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. Electronic address: shafaqataligill@yahoo.com.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000, Quanzhou, China. Electronic address: hyguo@nju.edu.cn.

PMID: 38697571
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142203

Abstract

Excessive release of chromium (Cr) from the tanning industry and antibiotics from livestock caused severe hazards to humans. Gallic acid (GA 10 mM) alleviated alone/combined SDZ 30 mg kg^-1 and TWW 40, 60, and 100% stress in wheat. GA (10 mM) decreased the TSP 12 and 13%, TFAA 8 and 10%, TSS 14 and 16%, RS 18 and 16%, and NRS 11 and 9% in shoots and grains under SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg^-1+100%), compared without foliar. GA (10 mM) declined the MDA 20 and 31, EL 13 and 36%, H₂O₂ 17 and 15%, O₂^•- 10 and 11% in leaves and roots, under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg^-1+100%), compared without foliar. GA (10 mM) improved the POD 106 and 30%, SOD 145 and 31%, CAT 78, and 35%, APX 100 and 25% in leaves and roots under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg^-1+100%), compared without foliar application. Considerably GA (10 mM) reduced total Cr 18, Cr^III 20, and Cr^VI 50% in roots and shoots 19, 41, and 48%, and grains 15, 27, and 29% respectively, under combined SDZ + TWW (30 mg kg^-1+100%) stress, compared without foliar. Overall, GA boosted the wheat growth, physiology, and defence system by inhibiting the combined SDZ + Cr toxicity.

Keywords: Chromium; Gallic acid; Metabolites; Sulfadiazine; Tannery wastewater; Wheat.