Advances in artificial intelligence in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Chenyuan Yi; Geng Niu; Yinghuai Zhang; Jing Rao; Guiqin Liu; Weihua Yang; XingZhen Fei

doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1356055

Advances in artificial intelligence in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 23:15:1356055. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356055. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Chenyuan Yi^#¹, Geng Niu^#², Yinghuai Zhang¹, Jing Rao³, Guiqin Liu³, Weihua Yang³, XingZhen Fei⁴

Affiliations

¹ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China.
² School of Medical Technology and Nursing, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China.
³ Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
⁴ Department of Endocrinology, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), also referred to as Graves' ophthalmopathy, is a medical condition wherein ocular complications arise due to autoimmune thyroid illness. The diagnosis of TAO, reliant on imaging, typical ocular symptoms, and abnormalities in thyroid function or thyroid-associated antibodies, is generally graded and staged. In recent years, Artificial intelligence(AI), particularly deep learning(DL) technology, has gained widespread use in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases. This paper presents a discussion on specific studies involving AI, specifically DL, in the context of TAO, highlighting their applications in TAO diagnosis, staging, grading, and treatment decisions. Additionally, it addresses certain limitations in AI research on TAO and potential future directions for the field.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; deep learning; diagnosis; thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy; treatment.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Artificial Intelligence*
Deep Learning
Graves Ophthalmopathy* / diagnosis
Graves Ophthalmopathy* / therapy
Humans

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialties (SZGSP014), Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM202311012).