Why improved surveillance is critical for reducing maternal deaths in the United States: a response to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia and the Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: ksjoseph@bcchr.ca.
• ² Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia and the Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
• ³ Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Université Laval and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Canada.
• ⁴ Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁵ Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
• ⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia and the Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
• ⁷ Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
• ⁸ Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
• ⁹ Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
• ¹⁰ Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
• ¹¹ Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ; Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ.