High Prevalence of Unconfirmed Positive HIV Polymerase Chain Reaction Test Results Among African Infants With HIV Exposure in the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS Consortium

James G Carlucci; Thomas Huntington; Karl-Günter Technau; Marcel Yotebieng; Valériane Leroy; Kim Anderson; Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet; Kara Wools-Kaloustian; Andrew Edmonds

doi:10.1093/cid/ciae251

High Prevalence of Unconfirmed Positive HIV Polymerase Chain Reaction Test Results Among African Infants With HIV Exposure in the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS Consortium

Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Dec 17;79(6):1475-1478. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae251.

Authors

James G Carlucci¹, Thomas Huntington², Karl-Günter Technau³, Marcel Yotebieng⁴, Valériane Leroy⁵, Kim Anderson⁶, Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet⁷, Kara Wools-Kaloustian⁸, Andrew Edmonds⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
² Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
³ Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁵ CERPOP, SPHERE, Inserm, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
⁶ Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷ Department of Pediatrics, University Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
⁹ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Abstract

In a large, multiregional cohort of African infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure, 44% of those with a positive HIV polymerase chain reaction test lacked a confirmatory positive test. Efforts are needed to ensure high-fidelity implementation of HIV testing algorithms so that all positive results are confirmed.

Keywords: Africa; HIV; confirmatory testing; infant; polymerase chain reaction.

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Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Africa / epidemiology
Cohort Studies
Female
HIV Infections* / diagnosis
HIV Infections* / epidemiology
HIV Testing
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Male
Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
Prevalence

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding