The association between night eating syndrome and GERD symptoms among university students at An-Najah National University in Palestine: a cross-sectional study

Mohammad Taleb Abed; Eyad Sayyed; Obada Yamak; Qusay Abdoh; Manal Badrasawi

doi:10.1186/s12876-024-03259-y

The association between night eating syndrome and GERD symptoms among university students at An-Najah National University in Palestine: a cross-sectional study

BMC Gastroenterol. 2024 May 17;24(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12876-024-03259-y.

Authors

Mohammad Taleb Abed^#¹, Eyad Sayyed^#¹, Obada Yamak^#¹, Qusay Abdoh^#^{1

2}, Manal Badrasawi³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine.
² Department of Internal Medicine, GI and Endoscopy Unit, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, 44839, Palestine.
³ Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An- Najah National University, Nablus, 44839, Palestine. m.badrasawi@najah.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Night eating syndrome (NES) is a kind of eating disorder. NES association with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms among university students is still not fully understood. We aimed to determine the relationship between NES and the presence of GERD symptoms among university students at An-Najah National University in Palestine.

Methods: This study involved undergraduate students from An-Najah National University. The data were collected through online surveys from November to December 2023. The sampling frame involved voluntary sampling, as the data were collected using a structured questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic variables, medical history, lifestyle habits, nutritional status, GERD risk, and NES. The GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) was used to assess symptoms, while the Arabic version of the validated Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) was used to assess night eating. Physical activity was assessed using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), and adherence to a Mediterranean diet was assessed using the validated Arabic version of the MEDAS. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were also conducted to assess the study hypotheses.

Results: The study involved 554 participants, 59.9% female. A total of 33.4% reported GERD symptoms, with 10.3% having NES. A strong association was observed between GERD and NES and between GERD and physical activity. Night eating syndrome (AOR = 2.84, CI = 1.07-3.19), high physical activity (AOR = 0.473, CI = 1.05-3.19), and non-smoking (AOR = 0.586, CI = 1.27-7.89) were identified as independent predictors of GERD symptoms.

Conclusion: This study revealed that 33.4% of undergraduate students were at risk of GERD, with night eaters having a greater risk. GERD risk was negatively associated with physical activity level and smoking status. No associations were found between GERD risk and weight status, Mediterranean diet adherence, sociodemographic factors, or sleep disturbances.

Keywords: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); Lifestyle; Mediterranean diet; Night eating syndrome (NES); University students.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diet, Mediterranean / statistics & numerical data
Exercise*
Female
Gastroesophageal Reflux* / epidemiology
Humans
Life Style
Male
Middle East / epidemiology
Night Eating Syndrome* / epidemiology
Risk Factors
Students* / statistics & numerical data
Surveys and Questionnaires
Universities
Young Adult