Cefepime/Enmetazobactam: First Approval

Drugs. 2024 Jun;84(6):737-744. doi: 10.1007/s40265-024-02035-2. Epub 2024 May 18.

Abstract

Cefepime/enmetazobactam (EXBLIFEP®), an intravenous (IV) antibacterial fixed-dose combination of a 4th generation cephalosporin and an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) inhibitor, is being developed by Allecra Therapeutics and ADVANZ PHARMA for the treatment of infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. In February 2024, cefepime/enmetazobactam was approved in the USA for use in adults with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) including pyelonephritis, caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter cloacae complex. In March 2024, cefepime/enmetazobactam was approved in the EU for use in adults for the treatment of cUTI, including pyelonephritis, and hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator associated pneumonia, and the treatment of patients with bacteraemia occurring in association with or suspected to be associated with any of these infections. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of cefepime/enmetazobactam leading to this first approval for the treatment of adults with infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Cefepime* / pharmacology
  • Cefepime* / therapeutic use
  • Cephalosporins / pharmacology
  • Cephalosporins / therapeutic use
  • Drug Approval*
  • Drug Combinations
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Pyelonephritis / drug therapy
  • Pyelonephritis / microbiology
  • United States
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / drug therapy
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / microbiology
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Cefepime
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cephalosporins
  • beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
  • Drug Combinations