Facial vascular visualization enhancement based on optical detection technology

Kai Liu; Kai Li; Xudong Wang; Jiuai Sun; Steve Gf Shen

doi:10.1093/dmfr/twae020

Facial vascular visualization enhancement based on optical detection technology

Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2024 May 22:twae020. doi: 10.1093/dmfr/twae020. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Kai Liu^{1

2

3}, Kai Li⁴, Xudong Wang^{1

2

3}, Jiuai Sun⁵, Steve Gf Shen^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
² College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
³ National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
⁴ School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
⁵ School of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.

PMID: 38775663
DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twae020

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to develop a facial vascular enhancement imaging system and analyze vascular distribution in the facial region to assess its potential in preventing unintended intravascular injections during cosmetic facial filling procedures.

Methods: A facial vascular enhancement imaging system based on optical detection technology was designed, and volunteers were recruited. The system was utilized to detect and analyze vascular distribution in various anatomical regions of the faces. The vascular visualization-enhanced images generated by the system were compared with visible light images to validate the vascular visualization capability of the system. Additionally, the reliability of vascular visualization was assessed by comparing the observed vascular patterns in the vascular visualization-enhanced images with those in near-infrared light images.

Results: Thirty volunteers were recruited. The vascular visualization-enhanced images produced by the system demonstrated a significant capacity to identify vascular morphology and yielded a higher vessel count compared to visible light images, particularly in the frontal, orbital, perioral, mental, temporal, cheek, and parotid masseter regions (p < 0.05). The temporal region exhibited the highest vascular density, followed by the cheek region and then the frontal region. Reliability analysis of vascular visualization enhancement indicated that the system's imaging of facial vasculature not only demonstrated reliability but also enhanced physicians' visual perception.

Conclusion: Blood vessel distribution varies across facial regions. The facial vascular enhancement imaging system facilitates real-time and clear visualization of facial vasculature, offering immediate visual feedback to surgeons. This innovation holds promise for enhancing the safety and effectiveness of facial filling procedures.

Keywords: Cosmetic facial augmentation; vascular detection; vascular visualization.

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Institute of Radiology and the International Association of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.