Venom Hypersensitivity

Abstract

Stinging insects are a frequent cause of local and systemic hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis. For those with a history of life-threatening anaphylaxis, venom immunotherapy is effective, safe, and can be life-saving. Arachnids are a much less common source of envenomation through bites or stings and are less likely to cause a hypersensitivity reaction. However, recognizing the clinical manifestations when they do present is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment, and, when indicated, consideration of other diagnoses.

Keywords: Anaphylaxis; Imported fire ant; Spider bite; Stinging hymenoptera; Stinging insect; Venom hypersensitivity; Venom immunotherapy; Widow spider.