Seroprevalence of Arboviruses in a Malaria Hyperendemic Area in Southern Mali

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Jun 4;111(1):107-112. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0803. Print 2024 Jul 3.

Abstract

Diagnostics for febrile illnesses other than malaria are not readily available in rural sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed exposure to three mosquito-borne arboviruses-dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-in southern Mali. Seroprevalence for DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV was analyzed by detection of IgG antibodies and determined to be 77.2%, 31.2%, and 25.8%, respectively. Among study participants, 11.3% were IgG-positive for all three arboviruses. DENV had the highest seroprevalence rate at all sites; the highest seroprevalence of CHIKV and ZIKV was observed in Bamba. The seroprevalence for all three arboviruses increased with age, and the highest seroprevalence was observed among adults older than 50 years. The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in the cohort was analyzed by microscopy and determined to be 44.5% (N = 600) with Plasmodium falciparum representing 95.1% of all infections. This study demonstrates the co-circulation of arboviruses in a region hyperendemic for malaria and highlights the needs for arbovirus diagnostics in rural sub-Saharan Africa.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Arbovirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Arbovirus Infections / virology
  • Arboviruses / immunology
  • Arboviruses / isolation & purification
  • Chikungunya Fever* / blood
  • Chikungunya Fever* / epidemiology
  • Chikungunya virus / immunology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dengue / epidemiology
  • Dengue Virus* / immunology
  • Endemic Diseases
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Infant
  • Malaria / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Mali / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Young Adult
  • Zika Virus / immunology
  • Zika Virus Infection / blood
  • Zika Virus Infection / diagnosis
  • Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin G