Evaluating tocilizumab safety and immunomodulatory effects under ocular HTLV-1 infection in vitro

Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Aug 20:137:112460. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112460. Epub 2024 Jun 21.

Abstract

There is growing interest in evaluating the safety and therapeutic potential of existing treatments such as tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor antagonist used to treat inflammatory diseases. However, there have been reports of increased inflammation in patients with HTLV-1 uveitis after TCZ treatment, and its ocular safety in the HTLV-1 infected state remains unknown. This study focused on assessing the impact of TCZ on HTLV-1-infected ocular cells using an in vitro model in which retinal pigment epithelial cells were cocultured with irradiated HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. TCZ did not significantly affect cellular viability, inflammatory markers, or HTLV-1 proviral loads at various concentrations (25/50/100 µg/ml), indicating no increased risk of HTLV-1 viral infection and no exacerbation of the inflammatory aspects of HTLV-1 infection in the ocular cells. These promising results support the potential of TCZ as a safe treatment option for HTLV-1-infected patients, particularly those with eye infections.

Keywords: HTLV-1 uveitis; IL-6 inhibitor; Ocular inflammation; Safety assessment; Tocilizumab; human T-lymphotropic virus type 1.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / pharmacology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / therapeutic use
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Coculture Techniques
  • HTLV-I Infections* / drug therapy
  • HTLV-I Infections* / immunology
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1*
  • Humans
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / drug effects
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / immunology
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / virology
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Viral Load / drug effects

Substances

  • tocilizumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized