ST-CellSeg: Cell segmentation for imaging-based spatial transcriptomics using multi-scale manifold learning

PLoS Comput Biol. 2024 Jun 27;20(6):e1012254. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012254. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Abstract

Spatial transcriptomics has gained popularity over the past decade due to its ability to evaluate transcriptome data while preserving spatial information. Cell segmentation is a crucial step in spatial transcriptomic analysis, as it enables the avoidance of unpredictable tissue disentanglement steps. Although high-quality cell segmentation algorithms can aid in the extraction of valuable data, traditional methods are frequently non-spatial, do not account for spatial information efficiently, and perform poorly when confronted with the problem of spatial transcriptome cell segmentation with varying shapes. In this study, we propose ST-CellSeg, an image-based machine learning method for spatial transcriptomics that uses manifold for cell segmentation and is novel in its consideration of multi-scale information. We first construct a fully connected graph which acts as a spatial transcriptomic manifold. Using multi-scale data, we then determine the low-dimensional spatial probability distribution representation for cell segmentation. Using the adjusted Rand index (ARI), normalized mutual information (NMI), and Silhouette coefficient (SC) as model performance measures, the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms baseline models in selected datasets and is efficient in computational complexity.

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms*
  • Computational Biology* / methods
  • Gene Expression Profiling* / methods
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Machine Learning*
  • Transcriptome* / genetics

Grants and funding

This work was supported in part by the Canada Research Chairs Tier II Program (CRC-2021-482 00482, https://www.chairs-chaires.gc.ca/home-accueil-eng.aspx) received by PH and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2021-04072, https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/index_eng.asp) received by PH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.