Caregiver recruitment strategies for interventions designed to optimize transitions from hospital to home: lessons from a randomized trial

Abstract

Challenges to recruitment of family caregivers exist and are amplified when consent must occur in the context of chaotic healthcare circumstances, such as the transition from hospital to home. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during our randomized controlled trial provided an opportunity for a natural experiment exploring and examining different consent processes for caregiver recruitment. The purpose of this publication is to describe different recruitment processes (in-person versus virtual) and compare diversity in recruitment rates in the context of a care recipient's hospitalization. We found rates of family caregiver recruitment for in-person versus virtual were 28% and 23%, respectively (p = 0.01). Differences existed across groups with family caregivers recruited virtually being more likely to be younger, white, have greater than high school education, and not be a spouse or significant other to the care recipient, such as a child. Future work is still needed to identify the modality and timing of family caregiver recruitment to maximize rates and enhance the representativeness of the population for equitable impact.

Keywords: Caregiver; Clinical trial; Methods; Palliative care; Post-acute care; Recruitment.

Fig. 1

Participant flow diagram for TPC by method of recruitment