Nano co-delivery of doxorubicin and plumbagin achieves synergistic chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

Int J Pharm. 2024 Aug 15:661:124424. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124424. Epub 2024 Jul 4.

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy drug used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but its effectiveness can be dramatically dampened by cancer cell chemoresistance. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is implicated with drug resistance in a range of cancers (e.g., HCC), and the STAT3 inhibition can reverse the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. In the present study, a combination regimen to improve the efficiency of DOX was provided via the STAT3 blockade using plumbagin (PLB). A poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) decorated by polyethylene glycol and aminoethyl anisamide was produced in the present study with the hope of generating the nanoparticles for co-delivery of DOX and PLB. The resulting co-formulation suppressed the STAT3 activity and achieved the synergistic chemotherapy, which led to tumor inhibition in the mice with subcutaneous DOX-resistant HCC, without causing any toxicity. The present study reveals the synergism of DOX and PLB, and demonstrates a promising combinatorial approach for treating HCC.

Keywords: Combination therapy; Drug resistance; Liver cancer; Nano drug delivery system.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / drug therapy
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Doxorubicin* / administration & dosage
  • Doxorubicin* / chemistry
  • Doxorubicin* / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects
  • Drug Synergism*
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System / chemistry
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Naphthoquinones* / administration & dosage
  • Naphthoquinones* / chemistry
  • Naphthoquinones* / pharmacology
  • Polyethylene Glycols / administration & dosage
  • Polyethylene Glycols / chemistry
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer / chemistry
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / antagonists & inhibitors
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism

Substances

  • Doxorubicin
  • Naphthoquinones
  • plumbagin
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic