Unveiling epithelial plasticity regulation in lung cancer: Exploring the cross-talk among Tks4 scaffold protein partners

Mol Biol Cell. 2024 Aug 1;35(8):ar111. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E24-03-0103. Epub 2024 Jul 10.

Abstract

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a hallmark event in the evolution of lung cancer. This work aims to study a recently described EMT-regulating protein, Tks4, and to explore its potential as a prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 method to knockout (KO) Tks4 to study its functional roles in invadopodia formation, migration, and regulation of EMT marker expressions and we identified Tks4-interacting proteins. Tks4-KO A549 cells exhibited an EMT-like phenotype characterized by elongated morphology and increased expression of EMT markers. Furthermore, analyses of a large-scale lung cancer database and a patient-derived tissue array data revealed that the Tks4 mRNA level was decreased in more aggressive lung cancer stages. To understand the regulatory role of Tks4 in lung cancer, we performed a Tks4-interactome analysis via Tks4 immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry on five different cell lines and identified CAPZA1 as a novel Tks4 partner protein. Thus, we propose that the absence of Tks4 leads to disruption of a connectome of multiple proteins and that the resulting undocking and likely mislocalization of signaling molecules impairs actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and activates EMT-like cell fate switches, both of which likely influence disease severity.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Plasticity
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Podosomes / metabolism

Substances

  • SH3PXD2B protein, human