Differences in Rotavirus Shedding and Duration by Infant Oral Rotavirus Vaccination Status in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011-2014

J Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 25;230(1):e75-e79. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad502.

Abstract

To evaluate how breakthrough rotavirus disease contributes to transmission, we examined the impact of rotavirus vaccination on fecal shedding and duration of illness. We used multivariable linear regression to analyze rotavirus quantity by RT-qPCR and duration among 184 episodes of rotavirus diarrhea positive by ELISA in the PROVIDE study. Vaccinated children had less fecal viral shedding compared to unvaccinated children (mean difference = -0.59 log copies per gram of stool; 95% confidence interval [CI], -.99 to -.19). Duration of illness was on average 0.47 days (95% CI, -.23 to 1.17 days) shorter among vaccinated children. Rotarix vaccination reduces shedding burden among breakthrough cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis. Clinical Trials Registration . NCT01375647.

Keywords: diarrhea; enteric infections; rotavirus; vaccination.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Bangladesh / epidemiology
  • Diarrhea / epidemiology
  • Diarrhea / prevention & control
  • Diarrhea / virology
  • Feces* / virology
  • Female
  • Gastroenteritis / epidemiology
  • Gastroenteritis / prevention & control
  • Gastroenteritis / virology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Rotavirus Infections* / epidemiology
  • Rotavirus Infections* / prevention & control
  • Rotavirus Infections* / virology
  • Rotavirus Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Rotavirus Vaccines* / immunology
  • Rotavirus* / immunology
  • Vaccination
  • Vaccines, Attenuated* / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Attenuated* / immunology
  • Virus Shedding*

Substances

  • RIX4414 vaccine
  • Rotavirus Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Attenuated

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01375647