Implementation of self-care scenario simulations in a skills-based first year doctor of pharmacy course for student application of the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process

Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2024 Nov;16(11):102165. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2024.102165. Epub 2024 Jul 29.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The objective of this project was to assess the impact of self-care scenario simulations on first year doctor of pharmacy student performance and self-perceived confidence in applying the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process (PPCP) during self-care encounters.

Educational activity and settings: Self-care scenarios were developed and used during low fidelity simulations in laboratory sessions in a skills-based course. Students met individually with faculty facilitators role-playing patients to apply the PPCP in four simulations. Facilitators graded student performance; a comparison was made between performance on the first and fourth simulation. Students completed a pre- and post-course survey regarding their self-perceived confidence in performance and knowledge in applying the PPCP in self-care encounters.

Findings: One hundred and eight (100%) of enrolled students voluntarily agreed to participate in this IRB-approved study. The median percentage of student scores on the fourth simulation, 90.7%, was higher compared to the median percentage of student scores on the first simulation, 82.4%, P < 0.001 with a raw difference of 8.3 percentage points, for participants with scores for both simulations, 106 (98%). For the self-perceived PPCP confidence survey, 100 (92.5%) participants completed both pre- and post-course surveys. Self-perceived confidence on 12 of the 15 survey items where students ranked their confidence in performance and knowledge in self-care encounters increased post- versus pre-course.

Summary: Simulations served as a useful tool in improving student performance in applying the PPCP in self-care encounters in a first year doctor of pharmacy course. Student self-perceived confidence in performance and knowledge in self-care encounters also increased.

Keywords: Nonprescription products; Self-care; Simulations; Student perceptions; pharmacists' patient care process.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Clinical Competence / standards
  • Clinical Competence / statistics & numerical data
  • Curriculum / standards
  • Curriculum / trends
  • Education, Pharmacy / methods
  • Education, Pharmacy / standards
  • Education, Pharmacy / statistics & numerical data
  • Educational Measurement / methods
  • Educational Measurement / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Patient Care / methods
  • Patient Care / psychology
  • Patient Care / standards
  • Patient Simulation
  • Pharmacists / psychology
  • Pharmacists / statistics & numerical data
  • Self Care* / methods
  • Self Care* / psychology
  • Self Care* / statistics & numerical data
  • Students, Pharmacy* / psychology
  • Students, Pharmacy* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires