Nanomaterials for bone metastasis

J Control Release. 2024 Sep:373:640-651. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.067. Epub 2024 Aug 1.

Abstract

Bone metastasis, a prevalent occurrence in primary malignant tumors, is often associated with a grim prognosis. The bone microenvironment comprises various coexisting cell types, working together in a coordinated manner. This dynamic microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of bone metastases. While cancer therapies have made advancements, the available options for addressing bone metastases remain insufficient. The advent of nanotechnology has ushered in a new era for managing and preventing bone metastases because of the physicochemical and adaptable advantages of nanoplatforms. In this review, we make an introduction of the underlying mechanisms and the current clinical therapies of bone metastases, highlighting the advances of intelligent nanosystems that can stimulate vascular regeneration, promote bone regeneration, eliminate tumor cells, minimize bone damage, and expedite bone healing. The innovation surrounding bone-targeting nanoplatforms presents a fresh approach to the theranostics of bone metastases.

Keywords: Bone metastasis; Bone microenvironment; Drug delivery; Nanomaterials; Nanosystems.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Bone Regeneration
  • Humans
  • Nanostructures* / administration & dosage
  • Nanostructures* / therapeutic use
  • Tumor Microenvironment