A wearable nanozyme-enzyme electrochemical biosensor for sweat lactate monitoring

Xuan Weng; Ming Li; Longyan Chen; Bei Peng; Hai Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126675

A wearable nanozyme-enzyme electrochemical biosensor for sweat lactate monitoring

Talanta. 2024 Nov 1:279:126675. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126675. Epub 2024 Aug 7.

Authors

Xuan Weng¹, Ming Li², Longyan Chen³, Bei Peng², Hai Jiang⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China; Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
² School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
³ Department of Biomedical, Industrial & Systems Engineering, Gannon University, 109 University Square, Erie, PA, 16541, USA.
⁴ School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China; Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China. Electronic address: haijiang@uestc.edu.cn.

PMID: 39116726
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126675

Abstract

In this study, we developed a wearable nanozyme-enzyme electrochemical biosensor that enablies sweat lactate monitoring. The biosensor comprises a flexible electrode system prepared on a polyimide (PI) film and the Janus textile for unidirectional sweat transport. We obtained favorable electrochemical activities for hydrogen peroxide reduction by modifying the laser-scribed graphene (LSG) electrode with cerium dioxide (CeO₂)-molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂) nanozyme and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). By further immobilisation of lactate oxidase (LOx), the proposed biosensor achieves chronoamperometric lactate detection in artificial sweat within a range of 0.1-50.0 mM, a high sensitivity of 25.58 μA mM^-1cm^-2 and a limit of detection (LoD) down to 0.135 mM, which fully meets the requirements of clinical diagnostics. We demonstrated accurate lactate measurements in spiked artificial sweat, which is consistent with standard ELISA results. To monitor the sweat produced by volunteers while exercising, we conducted on-body tests, showcasing the wearable biosensor's ability to provide clinical sweat lactate diagnosis for medical treatment and sports management.

Keywords: Cerium dioxide; Janus textile; Laser-scribed graphene electrode; Molybdenum disulphide; Sweat lactate; Wearable biosensor.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques* / instrumentation
Disulfides / chemistry
Electrochemical Techniques* / instrumentation
Electrodes
Enzymes, Immobilized / chemistry
Gold* / chemistry
Graphite* / chemistry
Humans
Lactic Acid* / analysis
Limit of Detection
Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry
Mixed Function Oxygenases* / chemistry
Mixed Function Oxygenases* / metabolism
Molybdenum / chemistry
Sweat* / chemistry
Wearable Electronic Devices*

Substances

Lactic Acid
lactate 2-monooxygenase
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Gold
Graphite
Enzymes, Immobilized
Molybdenum
Disulfides
molybdenum disulfide