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Review
. 2024 Aug 12;48(1):74.
doi: 10.1007/s10916-024-02098-4.

Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Clinical Decision Support Systems and Care Delivery

Khaled Ouanes  1 , Nesren Farhah  2
Affiliations
Review

Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Clinical Decision Support Systems and Care Delivery

Khaled Ouanes et al. J Med Syst. .

Abstract

This review aims to assess the effectiveness of AI-driven CDSSs on patient outcomes and clinical practices. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus. Studies published from January 2018 to November 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Following title and abstract screening, full-text articles were assessed for methodological quality and adherence to inclusion criteria. Data extraction focused on study design, AI technologies employed, reported outcomes, and evidence of AI-CDSS impact on patient and clinical outcomes. Thematic analysis was conducted to synthesise findings and identify key themes regarding the effectiveness of AI-CDSS. The screening of the articles resulted in the selection of 26 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The content analysis revealed four themes: early detection and disease diagnosis, enhanced decision-making, medication errors, and clinicians' perspectives. AI-based CDSSs were found to improve clinical decision-making by providing patient-specific information and evidence-based recommendations. Using AI in CDSSs can potentially improve patient outcomes by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, optimising treatment selection, and reducing medical errors.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Clinical decision support systems; Deep learning; Machine learning; Neural networks.

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