Pitavastatin Is Well-Tolerated With no Detrimental Effects on Physical Function

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the potential benefits or harms of statins on physical function among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH).

Methods: REPRIEVE was a double-blind randomized controlled trial evaluating pitavastatin for primary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in PWH. Time to complete 10 chair rises, 4-m gait speed, grip strength, and a modified short physical performance test were assessed annually for up to 5 years in the ancillary study PREPARE and analyzed using linear mixed models.

Findings: Of 602 PWH, 52% were randomized to pitavastatin and 48% to placebo. Median age was 51 years; 18% were female at birth; 2% transgender; and 40% Black, and 18% Hispanic. Median PREPARE follow-up was 4.7 (4.3-5.0) years. Muscle symptoms (grade ≥3 or treatment-limiting) occurred in 5% of both groups. There was no evidence of decline in chair rise rate in either treatment group and no difference in the pitavastatin group compared to placebo (estimated difference -0.10 [95% confidence interval, -.30 to 0.10] rises/min/year; P = .31). Small declines over time were observed in other physical function tests in both treatment groups, with no apparent differences between groups.

Interpretation: We observed minimal declines in physical function over 5 years of follow-up among middle-aged PWH, with no differences among PWH randomized to pitavastatin compared to placebo. This finding, combined with low prevalence of myalgias, supports the long-term safety of statin therapy on physical function, when used for primary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events among PWH.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02344290 NCT03070223.

Keywords: HIV; frailty; muscle; physical function; statin.