Large language models in biomedicine and health: current research landscape and future directions

Affiliations

• ¹ National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, United States.
• ² Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States.
• ³ Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
• ⁴ Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
• ⁵ Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States.