A Novel Cuproptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients

Jun Cao; Shijia Zhang; Kehui Zhou; Xiaochun Mao; Ming Zhao; Jinbiao Shang; Xiabin Lan

doi:10.2174/0113862073333880240819105537

A Novel Cuproptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients

Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2024 Aug 27. doi: 10.2174/0113862073333880240819105537. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jun Cao¹, Shijia Zhang^{2

3}, Kehui Zhou^{2

3}, Xiaochun Mao^{3

4}, Ming Zhao^{3

4}, Jinbiao Shang^{3

4}, Xiabin Lan^{2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Head and Neck and Rare Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
² Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
³ Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.

PMID: 39253931
DOI: 10.2174/0113862073333880240819105537

Abstract

Background: Cuproptosis, a novel form of cell death mediated by protein lipoylation, is intricately linked to mitochondrial metabolism. However, the clinical association of cuproptosis- related genes (CRGs) in thyroid cancer remains unclear. In this study, we performed a systematic investigation on the differential expression and genetic alterations of CRGs in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and constructed a CRG signature to predict the prognosis of PTC patients.

Methods: We integrated the data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and analyzed the expression of 10 CRGs in PTC. CRG signature was constructed using univariate Cox regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. In addition, the signature-related molecular features were validated by a combination of functional enrichment, Cox regression, and immune infiltration analysis. Independent validation cohort and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to validate the expression of differentially expressed CRG (CDKN2A).

Results: Thyroid cancer patients could be divided into two subtypes (high and low CRG score groups). We found that the overall survival (OS) of patients was lower in the high CRG score group (HCSG) than in the low CRG score group (LCSG) (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values for 3 years, 5 years, and 8 years were 0.872, 0.941, and 0.976, respectively. Cox regression analysis indicated that the CRG score could serve as an independent prognostic indicator for PTC. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the CRG prognostic signature was also associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. In HCSG, the immune suppression cell score was significantly higher than in LCSG. In addition, we identified the expression of CRG (CDKN2A) by qRT-PCR, and the results aligned with the TCGA database.

Conclusion: Our CRG signature demonstrates excellent predictive capabilities for the prognosis of PTC patients. CRGs may play an important role in tumorigenesis and could be used to predict the immunotherapy efficacy of PTC.

Keywords: TCGA.; Thyroid cancer; cuproptosis; gene signature; prognosis.