Rethinking Prehospital Response to Mass Casualty Events: Move, Treat, and Transport

J Spec Oper Med. 2024 Oct 2;24(3):24-29. doi: 10.55460/X38F-P3RH.

Abstract

Herein, we present a simplified approach to prehospital mass casualty event (MASCAL) management called "Move, Treat, and Transport." Prior publications demonstrate a disconnect between MASCAL response training and actions taken during real-world incidents. Overly complex algorithms, infrequent training on their use, and chaotic events all contribute to the low utilization of formal triage systems in the real world. A review of published studies on prehospital MASCAL management and a recent series of military prehospital MASCAL responses highlight the need for an intuitive MASCAL management system that accounts for expected resource limitations and tactical constraints. "Move, Treat, and Transport" is a simple and pragmatic approach that emphasizes speed and efficiency of response; considers time, tactics, and scale of the event; and focuses on interventions and evacuation to definitive care if needed.

Keywords: MASCAL; emergency preparedness; mass casualty incident; prehospital care; triage.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Disaster Planning / organization & administration
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Humans
  • Mass Casualty Incidents*
  • Military Medicine
  • Transportation of Patients
  • Triage*