Cardioprotective microRNAs (protectomiRs) in a pig model of acute myocardial infarction and cardioprotection by ischaemic conditioning: MiR-450a

Abstract

Background and purpose: Cardioprotective miRNAs (protectomiRs) are promising therapeutic tools. Here, we aimed to identify protectomiRs in a translational porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to validate their cardiocytoprotective effect.

Experimental approach: ProtectomiR candidates were selected after systematic analysis of miRNA expression changes in cardiac tissue samples from a closed-chest AMI model in pigs subjected to sham operation, AMI and ischaemic preconditioning, postconditioning or remote preconditioning, respectively. Cross-species orthologue protectomiR candidates were validated in simulated ischaemia-reperfusion injury (sI/R) model of isolated rat ocardiomyocytes and in human AC16 cells as well. For miR-450a, we performed target prediction and analysed the potential mechanisms of action by GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis.

Key results: Out of the 220 detected miRNAs, four were up-regulated and 10 were down-regulated due to all three conditionings versus AMI. MiR-450a and miR-451 mimics at 25 nM were protective in rat cardiomyocytes, and miR-450a showed protection in human cardiomyocytes as well. MiR-450a has 3987 predicted mRNA targets in pigs, 4279 in rats and 8328 in humans. Of these, 607 genes are expressed in all three species. A total of 421 common enriched GO terms were identified in all three species, whereas KEGG pathway analysis revealed 13 common pathways.

Conclusion and implications: This is the first demonstration that miR-450a is associated with cardioprotection by ischaemic conditioning in a clinically relevant porcine model and shows cardiocytoprotective effect in human cardiomyocytes, making it a promising drug candidate. The mechanism of action of miR-450a involves multiple cardioprotective pathways.

Linked articles: This article is part of a themed issue Non-coding RNA Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v182.2/issuetoc.

Keywords: miR‐450a; miR‐451; microRNA; pig; postconditioning; preconditioning; protectomiR; remote conditioning.