The impact of chia seeds on diabetes, blood pressure, lipid profile, and obesity indicators: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2024 Dec:175:106907. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106907. Epub 2024 Sep 19.

Abstract

This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis sought to investigate the impact of chia seed supplementation on obesity indicators and metabolic factors. Through a thorough search of relevant studies up to April 2024, 14 clinical trials involving 835 participants were included in the analysis. The findings revealed a notable decrease in triglyceride levels across both higher and lower doses of chia seeds, with weighted mean differences (WMD) of -8.69 mg/dL and -13.11 mg/dL, respectively. Additionally, a statistically significant reduction in LDL-C levels was observed solely in the higher dosage group, showing a WMD of -4.77 mg/dL. Moreover, although the decrease in systolic blood pressure (-2.78 mmHg) compared to the control group was statistically significant, it was only observed with the higher dosage. These results suggest that chia supplementation may offer beneficial effects on dyslipidemia, hypertension, and body weight, potentially mitigating the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: Body weight; Chia-seed; Hypertension; Lipid profile; Meta-analysis.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood Pressure*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus / diet therapy
  • Humans
  • Lipids / blood
  • Obesity* / blood
  • Obesity* / diet therapy
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Salvia hispanica* / chemistry
  • Seeds / chemistry

Substances

  • Lipids