Enhancing vaccine efficacy: Evaluating the superiority of cationic liposome-embedded squalene adjuvant against PCV2 infection

Virology. 2024 Dec:600:110251. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110251. Epub 2024 Sep 26.

Abstract

Cationic liposome-embedded squalene (CLS) is a promising adjuvant that enhances antigen stability and mobility and improves immune response. This study compares the efficacy of a CLS-adjuvant porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine (CSV) with a conventional vaccine against PCV2. The CSV vaccine showed superior stability and was effective against PCV2-induced growth decline. It significantly increased serum immunoglobulin and cytokine levels, reduced serum PCV2 DNA, shortened the duration of viremia, and provided robust protection. CSV outperformed conventional vaccines, highlighting its potential for innovative vaccine development.

Keywords: Cationic liposome-embedded squalene adjuvant; Immune; Piglets; Porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine.

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic* / administration & dosage
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Cations
  • Circoviridae Infections* / prevention & control
  • Circoviridae Infections* / veterinary
  • Circovirus* / genetics
  • Circovirus* / immunology
  • Cytokines
  • Liposomes* / administration & dosage
  • Squalene* / administration & dosage
  • Squalene* / pharmacology
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases / prevention & control
  • Swine Diseases / virology
  • Vaccine Efficacy
  • Viral Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Viral Vaccines* / immunology
  • Viremia / prevention & control

Substances

  • Squalene
  • Liposomes
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Viral Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Cytokines
  • Cations