Semaglutide 2.4 mg in Participants With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis: Baseline Characteristics and Design of the Phase 3 ESSENCE Trial

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Dec;60(11-12):1525-1533. doi: 10.1111/apt.18331. Epub 2024 Oct 16.

Abstract

Background: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has demonstrated potential beneficial effects in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

Aims: To describe the trial design and baseline characteristics of the 'Effect of Semaglutide in Subjects with Non-cirrhotic Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis' (ESSENCE) trial (NCT04822181).

Methods: ESSENCE is a two-part, phase 3, randomised, multicentre trial evaluating the effect of subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg in participants with biopsy-proven MASH and fibrosis stage 2 or 3. The primary objective of Part 1 is to demonstrate that semaglutide improves liver histology compared with placebo. The two primary endpoints are: resolution of steatohepatitis and no worsening of liver fibrosis, and improvement in liver fibrosis and no worsening of steatohepatitis. The Part 2 objective is based on clinical outcomes. The current work reports baseline characteristics of the first 800 randomised participants which includes demographics, laboratory parameters, liver histology, non-invasive tests and presence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) cardiometabolic criteria.

Results: Of 800 participants, 250 (31.3%) had fibrosis stage 2 and 550 (68.8%) had fibrosis stage 3. In the overall population, mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 56 (11.6) years, 57.1% were female, mean (SD) body mass index was 34.6 (7.2) kg/m2, 55.5% had type 2 diabetes and > 99% had at least one MASLD cardiometabolic criterion according to the published definition.

Conclusion: The ESSENCE baseline population includes participants with clinically significant fibrosis stages 2 and 3. Although MASLD cardiometabolic criteria were not a requirement for study enrolment, almost all participants (> 99%) had at least one MASLD cardiometabolic criterion.

Trial registration: NCT04822181.

Keywords: ESSENCE; MASH; MASLD; semaglutide.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Clinical Trial Protocol

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / administration & dosage
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver Cirrhosis / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / drug therapy
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / metabolism
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Glucagon-Like Peptides
  • semaglutide
  • Hypoglycemic Agents

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04822181

Grants and funding