Neurocognitive Outcomes Following Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Clin Perinatol. 2024 Dec;51(4):865-879. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.08.004. Epub 2024 Sep 20.

Abstract

Perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has the potential to affect neurodevelopment and long-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Early, consistent viral suppression through antiretroviral therapy is a priority for protection of neurodevelopment. Monitoring of neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning, referral for appropriate interventions, caregiver/family support, and assessment of mental health, socioeconomic, and environmental risks are important to optimize health and well-being. Support for medication and health care adherence may be necessary to sustain best outcomes.

Keywords: AIDS; Adolescent; Child; Cognitive; HIV; Infant; Neurodevelopment; Perinatal.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cognition
  • Female
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical* / prevention & control
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / epidemiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / etiology
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents