Hair loss in athletic testosterone use in males: a narrative review

Int J Dermatol. 2025 Apr;64(4):654-658. doi: 10.1111/ijd.17567. Epub 2024 Nov 21.

Abstract

Performance-enhancing drugs, such as testosterone, are used by athletes and youth to increase muscle growth and strength, particularly among males. However, these therapies potentially pose health risks, including liver toxicity, gynecomastia, and hair loss. Testosterone use is rising for performance enhancement, physical appearance, and resistance training, but there remains an absence of standardized guidelines for safe dosages. This study examines the relationship between testosterone use and hair health in males, aiming to develop guidelines for safe, responsible testosterone use. Understanding treatment outcomes in this context is crucial for informed healthcare.

Keywords: AAS; alopecia; athletes; hair loss; testosterone.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alopecia* / chemically induced
  • Athletes
  • Doping in Sports*
  • Gynecomastia / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances* / adverse effects
  • Testosterone* / administration & dosage
  • Testosterone* / adverse effects

Substances

  • Testosterone
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances