Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga on spine and shoulder mobility: A systematic review

Abstract

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of yoga interventions on spine and shoulder mobility.

Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and adhered to the methodological framework recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration for the systematic review. An exhaustive search in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted. The search spanned from inception to May 2023. We included 8 studies in the review, consisting of 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 2 quasi-experimental studies, and 1 study with unspecified design. The study populations included individuals with chronic low back pain, healthy adults, and older adults. The sample sizes of the selected studies ranged from 23 to 120 participants, with an average sample size of 59.

Result: The study revealed that yoga interventions have the potential to improve spinal flexibility and increase spine mobility in individuals with chronic low back pain. However, the observed effects differed depending on the specific population and type of yoga intervention. Limited evidence was available regarding the effect of yoga on shoulder mobility, though some studies suggested that yoga may lead to improved shoulder flexion.

Conclusion: The review advocates the integration of yoga into clinical practice, rehabilitation programs, and public health initiatives to promote mobility and prevent musculoskeletal disorders. Further research is needed to strengthen the evidence and maximize yoga's potential benefits.

Keywords: Musculoskeletal health; Shoulder mobility; Spine flexibility; Spine mobility; Yoga.