Repairing muscle with broccoli-derived sulforaphane: A preclinical evaluation for the treatment of mitochondrial myopathies

Abstract

Skeletal muscle health relies on the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria. ATP production is accompanied by oxidative phosphorylation, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). When there is an imbalance in ROS levels, oxidative stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial myopathies including sarcopenia, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, and proximal myopathy can result. Such incurable myopathies are characterised by aberrant metabolism, limited ATP production, and muscle atrophy. Broccoli-derived sulforaphane has emerged as a novel treatment for mitochondrial myopathies because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review discusses preclinical studies that reveal sulforaphane's potential therapeutic benefits and limitations in treating mitochondrial myopathies.

Keywords: Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Proximal myopathy; Sarcopenia; Sulforaphane.